反胶团萃取蛋白质特性的研究

实验将一种阴离子表面活性剂（AOT）和一种阳离子表面活性剂（Aliquat336）分别溶于异辛烷（isooctane）中，构成了两种不同的反胶团体系．通过用两种不同的反胶团溶液萃取六种蛋白质的实验，研究了水相pH值及离子强度对反胶团体系中水含量Wo和蛋白质萃取率影响的规律．实验发现不论哪种反胶团体系，水相pH值对Wo的影响都不大，但pH值却对蛋白质萃取率有很大的影响，对AOT反胶团体系而言，随着pH值的降低，蛋白质的萃取率升高；对Aliquat336反胶团体系而言，随着水相pH值的降低，蛋白质的萃取率下降．随着离子强度的增大，AOT反胶团体系的水含量大幅度地降低；而对Aliquat336体系水含量的影响很小，但水相离子强度对蛋白质萃取率的影响是相同的，随着离子强度的增大，两种体系对蛋白质的萃取率均下降。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PROTEIN LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION WITH REVERSED MICELLES

Protein can be readily solubilized in a reversed micellar solution without significant lost of its activity. Many parameters affect this process, such as the initial aqueous pH, salt concentration, and the type of solvent and surfactant. Two kinds of surfactant(AOT and Aliquat 336) were dissolved in isooctane to form reversed micellar solutions to extract six proteins in a series of experiments. It was found that pH had an opposite effect on the solubilization of protein for these two reversed micellar systems. For the AOT reversed micellar system, increasing pH would decrease the solubilization of proteins; for Aliquat 336 reversed micellar system, however, increasing pH would result in increase of protein solubilization. It was also revealed that the larger the protein molecular weight, the smaller the protein solubilization in AOT reversed micelles, but this behavior was not found in the Aliquat 336 reversed micellar system. The effect of ionic strength on solubilization of protein in the reversed micellar solution was found to be the same for the two reversed micellar systems: increase of ionic strength would result in the decrease of the protein solubilization in the reversed micellar solution.