How to improve mechanical properties of polylactic acid with bamboo fibers |
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Authors: | Ryoko Tokoro Duc Minh Vu Kazuya Okubo Tatsuya Tanaka Toru Fujii Takayasu Fujiura |
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Affiliation: | (1) Doshisha University, Kyotanabe-city Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan;(2) Department of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan;(3) Kobe Steel Ltd., 1-5-5, Takazukadai, Nishiku Hyogo, 651-2271, Japan |
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Abstract: | Bamboo fibers (BF) were mixed in polylactic acid (PLA) to improve its mechanical properties: impact strength and heat resistance.
Three different types of BF were extracted from raw bamboo by either sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment or steam explosion
in conjunction with mechanical processing. They were designated as “short fiber bundle,” “alkali-treated filament” and “steam-exploded
filament,” respectively. Composite samples were fabricated by injection molding using PLA/BF pellets prepared by a twin-screw
extruding machine. Among them, the highest bending strength was obtained when steam-exploded filaments were put into PLA matrix.
Impact strength of PLA was not greatly improved by addition of short fiber bundles as well as both filaments. In order to
improve the impact strength of PLA/BF composites, PLA composite samples were alternatively fabricated by hot pressing using
medium length bamboo fiber bundles (MFB) to avoid the decrease in fiber length at fabrication. Impact strength of PLA/MFB
composite significantly increased, in which long fiber bundles were pulled out from the matrix. The addition of BF improves
thermal properties and heat resistance of PLA/BF composites due to the constraint of deformation of PLA in conjunction with
crystallinity promoted by anneal (at 110 °C for 5 h). |
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