Effective method for dispersing SiO2 nanoparticles into polyethylene

The nonisothermal crystallization behavior and kinetics of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and PTFE/solid glass microsphere (SGM) composites were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry at various cooling rates (?'s). Three methods, namely, the Jeziorny, Ozawa and Mo methods, were used to describe the nonisothermal crystallization process. The results show that the peak temperature, crystallinity (X_c), and crystallization half‐time were strongly dependent on the content of SGMs and ?. The SGMs in the PTFE/SGM composites exhibited a higher nucleation activity. The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PTFE and the PTFE/SGM composites was analyzed successfully with the Jeziorny and Mo methods; however, the Ozawa equation was invalid for the nonisothermal crystallization process. The crystallization activation energy determined with the Kissinger equation was remarkably lower when a small amount of SGMs (5%) was added and then gradually increased and finally became slightly lower than that of pure PTFE as the content of SGMs increased up to 25% in the composites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010