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A novel ionic liquid/micro-volume back extraction procedure combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of trace nickel in samples of nutritional interest
Authors:Shayesteh Dadfarnia  Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani  Mahboubeh Shirani Bidabadi  Abbas Ali Jafari
Affiliation:1. Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran;2. Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76175-133, Kerman, Iran;3. Young Researchers Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76175-133, Kerman, Iran;4. Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran;1. Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Organization, MOHME, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Tehran Chemie Pharmaceutical Co., Tehran, Iran;4. Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;5. Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran;1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore;2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom;3. Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Abstract:A simple, highly sensitive and environment-friendly method for the determination of trace amount of nickel ion in different matrices is proposed. In the preconcentration step, the nickel from 10 mL of an aqueous solution was extracted into 500 μL of ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate C4MIM]PF6], containing PAN as complexing agent. Subsequently, the PAN complex was back-extracted into 250 μL of nitric acid solution, and 100 μL of it was analyzed by flow injection flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FI-FAAS). The main parameter influencing the extraction and determination of nickel, such as pH, concentration of PAN, extraction time and temperature, ionic strength, and concentration of stripping acid solution, were optimized. An enhancement factor of 40.2 was achieved with 25 mL sample. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification obtained under the optimum conditions were 12.5 and 41.0 μg L?1, respectively. To validate the proposed methods two certified reference materials 681-I and BCR No. 288 were analyzed and the results were in good agreement with the certified values. The proposed method was successfully applied to determination of nickel in water samples, rice flour and black tea.
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