Optimization of Co-content in C14 Laves phase multi-component alloys for NiMH battery application |
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| Authors: | K. Young T. Ouchi B. Reichman W. Mays R. Regmi G. Lawes M.A. Fetcenko A. Wu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Energy Conversion Devices Inc./Ovonic Battery Company, 2983 Waterview Drive, Rochester Hills, MI 48309, USA;2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;3. Shida Battery Company, 30 Xingye Road, Shishan Industrial Park, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, PR China;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun 130022, China;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China;1. BASF/Battery Materials-Ovonic, 2983 Waterview Drive, Rochester Hills, MI 48309, USA;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA |
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| Abstract: | The structural, electrochemical, and gas phase hydrogen storage properties of predominantly C14 crystalline phase alloys with partial replacement by Co (up to 2.5 at%) are reported. Minor phases, including C15 and cubic TiNi, were found by X-ray diffraction and contributed to the improved hydrogen diffusion through the alloy. The optimal Co-content of between 1.0 and 1.5 at% provides easy activation, high gas phase capacity, and a high discharge capacity. An optimized alloy formula also provided the smallest metallic nickel cluster size embedded in the surface oxide and the largest number of nickel clusters. In sealed cell studies, a Co-content of 1.5% gives the best performance in formation, cycle life, and charge retention, but has worse specific power and low temperature performance than some other compositions. The high-rate dischargeabilities at lower rates were found to be limited by surface reactions, not bulk diffusion. |
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