基于过渡金属电催化析氢催化剂的研究进展

随着人口快速增加,开发可持续能源已经成为当今世界的首要任务之一。氢气被认为是一种无污染、可再生的新能源,可以代替化石能源。氢气可以由电解水的电催化析氢半反应获得。传统的电催化析氢催化剂主要由贵金属构成,而贵金属稀少,价格昂贵,不适合大规模工业制氢。探索高效的非贵金属电催化析氢反应催化剂十分必要。基于过渡金属开发的电催化析氢反应催化剂引起广泛关注,综述基于过渡金属电催化析氢反应催化剂的研究进展,概述电解水原理,讨论基于过渡金属化物的电催化析氢反应催化剂材料的制备方法,包括硫化物、硒化物、碳化物、氮化物、磷化物及其复合物。探讨增强催化剂电催化析氢活性的方法及基于非贵金属电催剂材料面临的挑战和前景展望。

Research advances on transition metals-based electerocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction: A review

With the rapid population growth,exploration of sustainable energy has become one of the most important problems of the current century.As a substituion for conventional fossil fuel,hydrogen is considered to be a pollution-free and renewable energy source.The method of hydrogren production from water electrolysis is widely raised.The noble metals-based electrocatalysts are limited for laege-scale hydrogen production,due to low abundance and expensive price of the noblemetals.More focus is made on transition metal catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).This review highlights the recent research efforts towards various synthetic strategies for noble metal-free hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts.In this content,after a brief of the fundamental aspects of the electrochemical water splitting,emphasis is given to discuss the metal sulfides,metalselenides,metalcarbides,metalnitrides,metal phosphides and their composites served as efficient and low-cost hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysts.This content ends with some views for enhanceing the electrocatalytic activity along with challenges and prospective of the development of tansition metals-based electrocatalysts.