Detection of Campylobacter jejuni in naturally contaminated chicken skin by melting peak analysis of amplicons in real-time PCR

Contamination of poultry by Campylobacter spp. is a significant source of human diarrheal diseases. Traditional methods currently used to detect Campylobacter in foods are time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, primers designed for the Campylobacter jejuni cadF gene sequence were used in a SYBR Green I real-time PCR assay as an alternative to a conventional bacteriological method for the rapid detection of C. jejuni from poultry. Twelve portions of chicken purchased from two local grocery stores and 39 portions obtained from a commercial processing plant were examined. Samples of the skin were enriched in Bolton broth at 37 degrees C for 3 h and then at 42 degrees C for 9, 21, or 45 h under microaerobic conditions. DNA was extracted from 1-ml aliquots of the enrichment cultures using 1% Triton X-100. The DNA was used as the template in a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. After 24 h of enrichment, C. jejuni was isolated from 13 samples and all of the positive cultures were also detected by the real-time PCR procedure. C. jejuni was detected by both methods from samples artificially contaminated with 1 or 10 CFU of C. jejuni per 10 g, after 24 h of enrichment. The real-time PCR method was found to be sensitive and specific. It significantly reduced the time required for the detection of C. jejuni in poultry following enrichment of samples.