海洋微生物固氮作用研究进展

综述了固氮微生物和固氮基因的多样性以及不同海洋环境固氮基因的分子生态学研究等方面的新进展.近年来,利用分子生态学方法发现了大量不可培养的固氮微生物以及新的固氮基因nifH.对深海生物固氮研究表明,微生物固氮在向环境输出新氮方面具有重要作用.对近海微生物固氮研究表明,自然界高NH＋浓度下微生物依然存在固氮活性,而且固氮受到污染因子影响,为海洋微生物固氮研究提供了新的思路.

Research Progress on Marine Microbial Nitrogen Fixation

This review primarily introduced the diversity of diazotrophs and nitrogen-fixing gene and the main developments in molecular ecological studies of marine microbial nitrogen fixation. A lot of uncultured di- azotrophs and new nifH genes were discovered with molecular ecological methods in recent years. The studies suggested that diazotrophs in deep sea played an important role in export new nitrogen to surroundings. The current researches about marine diazotrophs revealed the nitrogen-fixing activity existed even in the natural en- vironment with high concentration of NH＋ and nitrogen fixation was influenced by the pollution factors. Those discoveries provided new ideas in the field of studying marine microbial nitrogen fixation.