基于GIS的增强型两步移动搜索法分析——以格拉斯哥市的英国国家医疗服务体系(NHS)可达性为例

本次研究采用增强型两步移动搜索法(E2SFCA),评估在主要出行方式下的医疗卫生服务可达性。本次研究的区域选择格拉斯哥市,一个英国的中型城市。本文首先对居民的出行偏好进行分析。此后,基于ArcGIS建立格拉斯哥市的交通网络和OD成本矩阵。在经过E2SFCA的运算之后,每一个数据单元的医疗卫生服务的供需关系被计算出来并作为医疗卫生服务的可达性。最终,地理加权回归(GWR)被用于模拟理论情况下的医疗卫生服务的可达性分布状态,与理论值不符的地区被找出并分析。本次研究结果显示在不同出行模式下医疗卫生服务的可达性存在差异。本文可对格拉斯哥市正在进行的医疗卫生设施的改进计划提参考意见,也可为同类决策机构在考虑公共设施布局等相关的空间决策时提供研究方法上的参考。

Evaluating the Accessibility of National Health Services in Glasgow:A GIS Based Study of Enhanced Two-Step Floating Catchment Area

This article adopts the Enhances 2-Step Floating Catchment Area(E2SFCA)to evaluating the accessibility of all types of National Health Services in Glasgow.The travel preferences of citizens are classified and analysed.After that,a simulated road network model and a OD cost matrix are established and analysed on ArcGIS.After the calculation of the distance weight,the bidirectional supply and demand ratio of each data zones are obtained as the accessibility of NHS.Finally,geographically weighted regression(GWR)has been used to locate the accessibility anomalies areas under various considering factors.The result of the paper shows that there is a big difference of the NHS accessibility between the walking mode and driving mode.In addition,the impact of hospitals and major roads on health service accessibility is critical.Furthermore,there is some degree of unbalance in the distribution of NHS accessibility in Glasgow.