基于三维激光点云的古建筑BIM建模方法研究

随着信息化程度的提高,城市建筑物三维BIM建模迅速发展,传统全站仪采集数据建模方法效率低下,对于异形结构采集数据难度较大。结合三维激光扫描技术,本文探讨综合使用多种手段获取三维点云数据,采用专业点云处理软件经坐标转换、点云拼接、点云去噪、点云数据平滑、点云数据抽稀等操作,对多源点云数据进行深度融合,提取有效信息构建三维BIM模型,真实还原城市建筑物三维场景。结合中国海洋大学历史建筑物项目,对历史建筑物的点云扫描质量进行验证,结果表明点云数据质量良好,基于三维扫描技术的多手段点云数据获取与融合,对于快速构建BIM模型,形成一体化的真三维场景提供了一种快速、便捷、可靠的新途径。

Research on BIM Modeling Method of Ancient Building Based on 3D Laser Point Cloud

With the improvement of informationization,three-dimensional BIM modeling of urban buildings develops rapidly.The traditional total station data acquisition modeling method is inefficient.It is difficult to collect data for special-shaped structures.Combining with three-dimensional laser scanning technology,this paper discusses how to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data by comprehensive use of various means and use professional point cloud processing.Through coordinate transformation,point cloud mosaic,point cloud denoising,point cloud data smoothing,point cloud data thinning and other operations,the software fuses multi-source point cloud data in depth,extracts effective information to build a three-dimensional BIM model,and truly restores the three-dimensional scene of urban buildings.Combining with the historical building project of China Ocean University,the point cloud scanning quality of historical buildings is verified.The results show that the point cloud data quality is good.The acquisition and fusion of multi-means point cloud data based on three-dimensional scanning technology provides a fast and convenient way to build BIM model and form an integrated true three-dimensional scene.