从古代都江堰灌区看本土人居生态实践思想--兼论对生态文明时代城乡规划的启发

当代生态文明的发展为数千年积累的中国本土人居生态实践思想的再认识与再利用带来了难得的外部条件,这些思想可以解释中国历史上人与自然和谐的人居环境实践模式,也可启发当代城乡规划的发展,促使人们沿着某些思路更好地应对当前的难题。本文结合都江堰灌区这一典型范例,从洪水灾害与区域格局、人工水系统与社会系统、山水环境与城乡人居等三对代表“天人关系”的实践范畴剖析了都江堰灌区人居生态实践特征与思想要旨,进一步阐释了中国本土人居生态实践的思想基础;认为生态文明时代城乡规划的作用和定位需要发展,要关注人与自然共同作用的生命共同体,要成为引导地区人与自然长期调适的有力工具,要能对多种关键生态问题提供综合的解决方案。

INDIGENOUS CHINESE THOUGHTS ON ECOLOGICAL PRACTICE OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AND THEIR INSPIRATIONS FOR URBAN AND RURAL PLANNING IN THE ECOLOGICAL CIVILIZATION ERA: A CASE STUDY OF DUJIANGYAN IRRIGATION REGION IN ANCIENT TIMES

The recent development of ecological civilization process provides a better environment for rediscovering and reusing indigenous Chinese thoughts on ecological practice, which can help to interpret the human settlements practice model maintaining the harmonious relationship between human and nature in ancient times, and can inspire the contemporary urban and rural planning to respond to current ecological issues as well. Taking ancient Dujiangyan irrigation region as a case, the research analyses the characteristics and key thoughts on ecological practice from three practical aspects symbolizing "heaven-human relationship" in terms of flood and regional spatial pattern, manmade water system and social system, and Shanshui landscape and human settlements. It is proposed that the role of urban and rural planning in the era of ecological civilization should be reset: urban and rural planning should pay attention to the humannature community, be the tool serving for long-term adaptation process, and provide synthetic solutions responding to current ecological issues.