石墨烯光催化材料及其在环境净化领域的研究进展

石墨烯作为一种导电率高、比表面积大、化学稳定性强的新型二维碳材料,在光催化技术领域显示出广阔的应用前景。本文综述石墨烯及其复合材料在光催化领域中的研究进展。首先介绍光催化基本原理与石墨烯的优异性能,总结石墨烯在复合光催化材料中的基本作用,即促进光生电子的传输、扩大光吸收强度和范围、提升吸附作用等。然后介绍各种石墨烯光催化复合材料(石墨烯/无机半导体、石墨烯/有机半导体、石墨烯/金属纳米粒子)及其多种合成方法。同时进一步阐述石墨烯光催化材料在环境净化领域中的应用,重点介绍在空气净化、水中微量污染物净化及废水处理方面的应用。最后指出目前的石墨烯光催化材料仍然存在催化效率低、成本高、不能实现大规模生产等问题,而对其结构及制备工艺等进行优化有望改善材料性能,提高其实际应用价值。

Research progress in graphene basedphotocatalytic materials and applicationsin environmental purification

As a novel 2D carbon material featuring high electrical conductivity,large specific surface area and remarkable chemical stability,graphene has shown its promising potentials in the field of photocatalytic technology.The recent research progress in graphene along with its composites as photocatalysts for environmental purification was reviewed.The photocatalytic mechanism and the exceptional properties of graphene were briefly introduced,and the fundamental roles of graphene played in the photocatalytic composites were well summarized,including facilitating the transport of photogenerated electrons,amplifying the intensity and expanding the range of light adsorption,and enhancing absorption capacity.A variety of graphene-based photocatalytic composites(graphene/inorganic semiconductors,graphene/organic semiconductors and graphene/metal nanoparticles)as well as their synthesizing routes was grouped by categories and reviewed respectively.The applications of graphene-based photocatalytic materials in the field of environmental purification were introduced systematically,which were mainly focused on the air purification,water decontamination of trace pollutants and wastewater treatment.Finally,it was pointed out that the graphene-based photocatalytic materials still have some problems,such as low catalytic efficiency,high cost,difficulty in realizing large-scale production and so on.The optimization of their structure,preparation technology and other parameters is expected to improve the materials properties and enhance their practical application value.