中国高坝枢纽泄洪雾化研究进展与前沿

高坝枢纽泄洪安全防护是水利工程领域的重要课题之一。具有高水头、大流量、窄河谷特征的中国高坝枢纽,泄洪伴生的雾化问题非常突出。面向中国水电工程向高海拔低气压地区发展的现实需求,复杂环境下的泄洪雾化机理、以及高精度的遥测预测方法和科学化的危害防治技术急需突破。文章基于国内外相关研究成果和工程实践应用,构建了中国高坝枢纽雾雨场源及防护体系;凝炼了当前高坝枢纽泄洪雾化的发展成果和技术瓶颈;全面阐释了关键科学技术问题的突破方法。研究成果以推进泄洪雾化研究从经验走向科学,为重大水利水电工程设计及其长期安全运行提供理论和技术支撑。

Research progress and frontiers on flood discharge atomization of Chinese high dam projects

The flood discharge security and protection of high dam projects is a hot issue in the field of hydraulic engineering.For high dam projects with characteristics of high water head,large discharge and narrow canyon in China,the problem of flood discharge atomization is very serious.With Chinese hydropow-er projects construction extending to high altitude area with low pressure,the atomization mechanism under complex environment,forecasting methods with higher precision and scientific hazard prevention technologies are in urgent need of breakthrough.The article constructed the field source characteristics and protection system of atomized rainfall on the basis of research achievements and engineering applications of flood dis-charge atomization at home and abroad.Moreover,the article abstracted the development achievements and technical bottleneck in this field,and expounded the methods to break through key scientific and technical issues.Series studies and results are intended to promote flood discharge atomization research from experi-ence to science and provide theoretical and technical supports for structural design and long-term safe oper-ation of large water resources and hydropower engineering.