二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵及其均聚物对锦鲤的急性毒性研究

研究了单体二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵DM及其具低、中、高3种不同特征黏度的均聚物PDM对锦鲤的急性毒性作用。以锦鲤为受试对象,96 h为实验周期,对DM及特征黏度分别为0.5、1.5、2.5 dL/g的PDM进行了鱼类急性毒性实验。实验结果表明:DM在24、48、72和96 h的半数致死浓度值(LC50)分别为3 013、1 945、1 517和1 406 mg/L,低特征黏度PDM为14.6、6.2、4.8和3.7 mg/L,中特征黏度PDM为11.8、5.2、4.7和3.6 mg/L,高特征黏度PDM为10.0、5.3、4.3和3.2 mg/L;并由此计算得到DM、低特征黏度PDM、中特征黏度PDM及高特征黏度PDM的安全使用浓度分别为140、0.37、0.36和0.32 mg/L。锦鲤的死亡原因为鳃的受损病变导致缺氧死亡。研究结果填补了文献报道在该领域的空白,并为PDM毒性作用的进一步研究和实际应用提供了参考。

Research on the Acute Toxicity of Dimethyldiallylammonium Chloride and Its Homopolymer to Golden Carp

The acute toxicity of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride(DM) and its homopolymer(PDM) with three different intrinsic viscosity values was studied in this paper.Using golden carp as the testing fish,LC(50) values of dimethyldiallyammonium chloride(DM) and its homopolymers(PDM) with intrinsic viscosity values of 0.5,1.5 and 2.5 dL/g were tested within an experiment period of 96 h.The results indicated that the LC(50) of DM within 24,48,72 and 96 h were(3 013),(1 945),(1 517) and(1 406) mg/L,that of PDM with low intrinsic viscosity value were 14.6,6.2,4.8 and 3.7 mg/L,that of PDM with moderate intrinsic viscosity value were 11.8,5.2,4.7 and 3.6 mg/L,and that of PDM with high intrinsic viscosity value were 10.0,5.3,4.3 and 3.2 mg/L respectively.Therefore,the corresponding safe concentration(SC)of DM and PDM with low,moderate and high intrinsic viscosity values in water were respectively 140,0.37,0.36 and 0.32 mg/L.The damage of bronchia resulted in the death of the golden carp.