“电磁场与电磁波”课程教学中的归纳与演绎

本文讨论了提高＂电磁场与电磁波＂课程教学效果的两种教学方式,即演绎和归纳教学。演绎教学始于从一般到个别的过程;归纳教学则相反。我们比较了两种方法在电磁场教学过程中的特点和应用,除从顶而下与至底而上的本质区别外,归纳教学具有启发性,培养学生的探索创新精神;演绎教学从一般的实验事实和科学假设出发,培养学生的逻辑思维能力。它们可以同时应用在电磁场课程的教学中,相互渗透,互为补充。

Application of Inductive and Deductive Teaching Methods in Electromagnetic Field and Wave Curriculum

Two kinds of teaching methods for Electromagnetic Field and Wave are introduced in the paper, which are induction and deduction, respectively. Deductive teaching works from general to the specific, inductive teaching works the other way around, it works from observation toward generalizations. Their characteristics and applications in the electromagnetic field teaching are compared with each other. These two methods are different in nature when use in teachings in addtion to top-down and bottom-up. Inductive teaching is open-ended and exploratory especially at the beginning. On the other hand, deductive reasoning is to train students in logical thinking ability. The two methods can be used at the same time, and make up for each other during the electromagnetic field course.