Investigation the effect of tightening torque on the fatigue strength of double lap simple bolted and hybrid (bolted–bonded) joints using volumetric method

In this research, the effect of the tightening torque on the fatigue strength of 2024-T3 double lap simple bolted and hybrid (bolted–bonded) joints have been investigated experimentally by conducting fatigue tests and numerically by implementing finite element analysis. To do so, three sets of specimens were prepared and each of them subjected to tightening torque of 1, 2.5 and 5 Nm and then fatigue tests were carried out under different cyclic longitudinal load levels. In the numerical method, the effect of the tightening torque on the fatigue strength of the considered joints has been studied by means of volumetric method. To obtain stress distribution around the notch (bolt hole) which is required for the volumetric method, nonlinear finite element simulations were carried out. In order to estimate the fatigue life, the available smooth S–N curve of Al2024-T3 and the fatigue notch factors obtained from the volumetric method were used. The estimated fatigue life was compared with the available experimental test results. The investigation shows that there is a good agreement between the life predicted by the volumetric method and the experimental results for different specimens with a various amount of tightening torques. The results obtained from the experimental analysis showed that the hybrid joints have a better fatigue strength compared to the simple bolted joints. In addition, the volumetric method and experimental results revealed that the fatigue life of both kinds of the joints were improved by increasing the clamping force resulting from the torque tightening due to compressive stresses which appeared around the bolt hole.