铀钚金属表面抗腐蚀性研究进展

金属铀钚表面的腐蚀与防腐蚀一直受到关注，章综述了自1994年来作实验室在铀钚金属表面抗腐蚀性方面的研究进展。用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、气相色谱（GC）等方法系统地分析研究了金属铀和U3O8与CO、CO2、H2等气体的相容性及其表面化学行为，铀试样在CO气氛中的贮存氧化增重及δ－Pu金属和铀试样在该气氛贮存期气相组成变化；应用改进的量子力学计算方法对金属铀钚化合物的分子结构、势能函数、光谱性质、热力学性质和动力学性质进行了系统研究；应用热力学平衡原理方法研究了铀和钚在还原气氛中的表面化学反应。通过实验与理论结合的系统研究，揭示了铀与上述气体介质相互作用的规律，得到一系列具有实际应用和理论意义的实验研究和理论计算结果，为进一步深化铀钚金属抗腐蚀研究奠定了基础。研究结果表明CO的存在有利于抑制铀钚金属的表面氧化腐蚀。

Progress in the Research of Surface Corrosion Resistance of Uranium and Plutonium Metals

It has been received considerable attention for surface corrosion resistance of uranium and plutonium metals.This paper is dedicated to the review of progress in the research above field in the laboratory.The surface chemical behavior and compatibility of uranium metal and U 3O 8 in the atmospheres of CO,CO 2,H 2 have been systematically studied with X ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and gas chromatography(GC).While uranium and plutonium placed in CO atmosphere the oxidation rate of uranium was studied gravimetrically with a microbalance,and the charges of gase phase components was detected by quadruple mass spectrometer.The molecular structure,potential energy function,the corresponding spectroscopic data,thermodynamic and dynamic data of uranium and plutonium metals and compounds were systematically studied using the MP2(the HF calculation followed by a second order Moller-Plesset correlation)of Gaussian 94W and the RECP(relativistic effective core potential).The surface chemistry of metals were studied also by thermodynamic calculations in reducing atmospheres.The investigation indicates the metals have resistance to further oxidation corrosion in the atmosphere of CO.