Contrast-enhanced abdominal echo planar imaging: Dynamic signal-intensity changes following intravenous injection of gadolinium-DOTA |
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Authors: | S Sartoretti-schefer B Marincek C von Weymarn G P Krestin |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Medical Radiology, Zürich University Hospital, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Objectives: After I.V. administration of gadolinium-DOTA, the early contrast enhancement pattern and related signal-intensity (SI) changes in normal abdominal organs (kidney, spleen, liver) are evaluated over the first 4 min by using ultrafast spin-echo echo planar imaging (SE-EPI).
Methods: On a 1.5-T magnetic resonance unit ultrafast EPI of the upper abdomen was performed in 12 patients in order to show the contrast enhancement pattern and related measurable SI changes onT
1 andT
2-weighted (w) images over the first 4 min after I.V. bolus injection of 0.1 mmol kg–1 gadolinium (Gd)-DOTA in the spleen, liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla. A TR/TE of 500/44 or 45 ms inT
1w SE-EPI and a TR/TE of 2000/80 or 100 ms inT
2-w SE-EPI were used.
Results: Typical time-dependent SI changes were noticed onT
1w images: Subsequent to a SI increase in the renal cortex (starting 7 s after the I.V. injection of Gd-DOTA) SI increased first in the outer renal medulla (6 s later) and then in the inner renal medulla (21 s later). A SI increase was observed in the spleen (starting after 15 s) and in the liver (starting 7 s later). OnT
2-w images, a SI decrease in the renal cortex (starting after 14 s) was followed by migration of a dark band from the outer (after 46 s) to the inner medulla (after 70 s). Only minimal changes were noticed in the spleen and liver.
Conclusions: Ultrafast SE-EPI following I.V. bolus injection of Gd-DOTA enables the observation of the very early contrast agent kinetics in various abdominal organs. The associated SI changes onT
1- andT
2- SE EPI are related to organ perfusion and contrast agent tissue concentration and biodistribution.Additional reprints of this chapter may be obtained from the Reprints Department, Chapman & Hall, One Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10119. |
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Keywords: | echo planar imaging abdominal organs gadolinium- dota contrast enhancement dynamics |
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