船用轻型陶瓷复合装甲抗弹性能实验研究

为探讨舰艇抵御高速破片弹遭侵彻的装甲防护结构,设计船用钢装甲和3种陶瓷复合装甲结构,并采用弹道冲击实验,研究其在高速破片冲击下的抗弹性能。结果表明:高速破片穿透普通舰艇结构后仍具有较强杀伤威力,必须为舰艇设置专门防护装甲抵御高速破片的冲击;高速破片冲击下,船用钢装甲的破坏模式为延性扩孔和剪切冲塞的组合形式;增加陶瓷面板后,钢背板的冲击响应类似于低速卵形弹冲击下的薄板穿甲,变形范围和变形程度大大增加,其变形失效模式有蝶形变形和花瓣开裂型穿甲,此外陶瓷对弹体的侵蚀、钝化及碎裂能大大降低弹体的侵彻能力,碎裂陶瓷锥的运动还将吸收部分弹体动能,降低弹体剩余速度,并和剩余弹体共同冲击背板;陶瓷复合装甲的单位面密度吸能量较船用钢提高35%以上,其结构质量较船用钢装甲轻25%以上。

Experimental study on performance of ceramic composite warship armor under impact of high speed fragment

In order to explore the armor protection structure of warship against high speed fragments, ship steel targets and 3 kinds of ceramic composite targets were designed. Ballistic impact experiment was carried out to study the performance of these targets. Results show that the high speed fragments keep powerful ability of damage after perforating of typical warship structure, so special armor needs to be equipped. Under impact of high speed fragment, the failure mode of ship steel targets is a kind of combination mode of ductile hole enlargement and plugging, and after adding ceramic, it changes to dishing or petaling. The deformation extent of steel back plate is greatly increased, and its impact response is analogous to impact response of low velocity ogive nosed projectiles on thin plates. In addition, ceramic can erode and crash the projectile, which can greatly degrade its penetration performance, the crashed conical ceramic can absorb kinetic energy of the projectile, and impact on the back plate with the residual projectile. The unit area density energy absorbing of the ceramic composite armor is more than 35% higher than that of ship steel, and ceramic composite armor can save more than 25% in weight, compare to steel armor.