海塘渗透破坏数值模拟及渗透特性

为研究海塘的洪水渗透规律和渗透破坏机制,提出了可考虑土体渗透性随渗透破坏而变化的饱和-非饱和/非稳定渗流分析模型,编制了相应的程序。选取实际海塘进行了洪水渗透过程的数值模拟,并将计算结果与现场监测试验结果进行了对比,表明所建立的分析模型和计算程序是正确的。工程实例分析结果表明,海塘洪水渗透过程是一个涉及土体渗透性变化的饱和非饱和/非稳定渗流过程,塘身浸润线变化经历4个阶段,海塘渗透破坏是大渗流比降下洪水长时间渗透所导致的。因此海塘的洪水渗透破坏涉及破坏区土体渗透性的变化以及饱和-非饱和/非稳定渗流,按中国现行规范应用稳定渗流分析方法进行计算是存在问题的。

Analysis of Numerical Simulation of Seepage Failure and Seepage Feature of Seawall

In order to analyze seepage feature and seepage failure mechanisms of seawall under flood infiltration, a numerical model for saturated-unsaturated and unsteady seepage flow analysis considering soil permeability variation with seepage failure process was established. And the corresponding finite element computation program was made. Numerical simulation of flood seepage for typical section of real seawall was carried out by use of the program. The computed results were compared with the measured results of field test, which shows good agreement. Based on the numerical simulation results, it can be seen that flood seepage of seawall is a saturated-unsaturated and unsteady seepage flow process and seepage failure of seawall is caused by long time flood infiltration under large seepage gradient. Therefore, upon the flood infiltration, seepage failure of the seawall is a very complicated process, which involves soil permeability variation with seepage failure process and saturated-unsaturated/unsteady seepage flow. It is questionable to use the steady seepage analysis method to simulate seepage failure process of seawall.