苦杏仁对肉鸡生长性能和肉品质及肝脏抗氧化能力的影响

通过在肉鸡饲料中添加不同剂量的苦杏仁粉,评价其对肉鸡生长性能、肉品质及肝脏抗氧化能力的影响,探究苦杏仁在畜禽生产中应用及最适添加量,为饲料中抗营养因子的开发利用提供试验依据。试验将100只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组25只;对照组(C组)饲喂基础全价饲料,低剂量组(L组)饲喂含4.5 g/kg苦杏仁粉的基础全价饲料,中剂量组(M组)饲喂含9 g/kg苦杏仁粉的基础全价饲料,高剂量组(H组)饲喂含17 g/kg苦杏仁粉的基础全价饲料,试验周期为45 d。结果表明,与C组相比,H组肉鸡的终末体重和平均日增重极显著降低(P<0.01),料重比极显著升高(P<0.01),而L组、M组肉鸡的末体重和平均日增重及料重比无显著差异(P>0.05);肌肉放置24 h和48 h后,H组肌肉肉色显著降低(P<0.05),肌肉剪切力极显著增加(P<0.01);L组胸肌粗蛋白质含量显著升高(P<0.05),M组、L组差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲料中添加不同剂量的苦杏仁粉均增强肉鸡肝脏中SOD、CAT和GSH-PX的活性(P<0.05)。试验说明,饲料中添加的低剂量(4.5 g/kg)和中剂量(9 g/kg)苦杏仁粉均可改善肉鸡肉品质和增强肝脏抗氧化性能,其中以添加9 g/kg苦杏仁的效果最佳。而添加高剂量(17 g/kg)的苦杏仁粉虽能增强肉鸡肝脏的抗氧化能力,但会导致肉鸡的生长性能和肉品质降低。

Effects of bitter almond on growth performance,meat quality and liver antioxidant capacity of broilers

By adding different doses of bitter almond powder into the feed of broilers,the effects of bitter almond on the growth performance,meat quality and liver antioxidant capacity of broilers were evaluated,and the application and optimal addition amount of bitter almond powder in livestock and poultry production were explored,so as to provide experimental basis for the development and utilization of anti nutritional factors in feed.1001-day old AA broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 20 chickens in each group.The control group(Group C)was fed basic full feed,the low-dose group(group L)was fed basic full feed containing 4.5g/kg of bitter almond powder,the middle-dose group(group M)was fed basic full feed containing 9 g/kg of bitter almond powder,and the high-dose group(group H)was fed basic full feed containing 17g/kg of bitter almond powder.The test period was 45 days.The results showed that compared with group C,the terminal weight and average daily gain of broiler chickens in group H were significantly reduced(P<0.01),and the feed weight ratio was significantly increased(P<0.01),while the final weight,average daily gain and feed weight ratio of broiler chickens in group L and M were not significantly different(P>0.05);After 24 h and 48 h of muscle placement,the flesh color of the muscles in group H decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the shear force of the muscles increased significantly(P<0.01);The crude protein content of pectoral muscle in group L was significantly increased(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between group M and group L(P>0.05).The activities of SOD,CAT and GSH-PX in the liver of broilers were enhanced by adding different doses of bitter almond powder in the feed(P<0.05).In summary,the addition of 4.5 g/kg and 9 g/kg bitter almonds in the diet could improve meat quality and enhance the antioxidant performance of liver,among which 9 g/kg of bitter almond powder was the best.The addition of high dose(17 g/kg)of bitter almond powder could enhance the antioxidant capacity of broiler liver,but it will reduce the growth performance and meat quality of broilers.