针对叠前反演的去噪技术

叠前弹性参数反演对输入地震数据的信噪比和信号的振幅保真度等都有较高的要求,因而,在叠前反演地震数据的前期处理中,根据地震数据的具体情况,合理地选择叠前去噪方法和参数是保证叠前反演效果的关键。J油田L地区三维地震数据存在强能量干扰、面波及多次波,为此进行了针对性叠前去噪,利用强能量干扰压制、面波压制、多次波压制和叠前随机噪音压制等叠前去噪技术对数据进行了处理。利用道间振幅、平面振幅和空间振幅等技术进行了点、面、体多方位地震数据振幅监控,结果表明,叠前去噪技术能有效压制噪声、提高信噪比,且振幅保真度较高,极大地改善了叠前地震资料的品质,为叠前地震反演的开展奠定了基础。图11参7

Pre-stack inversion oriented noise attenuation

Pre-stack elastic inversion requires high-quality S/N ratios and well-preserved amplitudes of the input seismic data, but the S/N ratio-enhancing pre-stack noise attenuation processes often cause distortion to signal amplitudes. Therefore, one of the crucial steps to ensure the quality of inversion is to choose the most suitable noise attenuation technique and optimum parameters according to specific data conditions. Taking the L area of J Oilfield as an example, this paper introduces some ways to use the commonly-used noise attenuation techniques properly and ways to monitor amplitude fidelity, and shows the importance of pre-stack noise attenuation to elastic inversion. Through the comparison of the effects of the techniques, such as abnormally large amplitude noise attenuation, ground roll reduction, multiple elimination, and random noise attenuation, some ways are presented to monitor and control the effects of pre-stack noise attenuation on the seismic amplitudes in a "point-area-volume" manner using seismic amplitudes from neighboring traces, horizons/slices and data volume.