高压输电线路感应电场能量收集新方法研究

针对现有能量收集装置存在易受天气影响、安装复杂、寿命短、绝缘要求高等问题，文中提出采用电容收集高压输电线路来感应电场能量的方法.这种与高压输电线路无直接电器连接的方法，具有供能稳定、能源清洁、操作简便等特点.根据该方法收集能量的原理，建立了相应的等效电路，分析了该方法收集能量的特点.在此基础上，建立了三维场计算模型，计算了高压输电线路电场分布特性，讨论了电容极板尺寸、放置位置、高度等对能量收集的影响.最后，基于理论分析，开展了电容板收集高压输电线路周围电场试验.并采用曲线拟合方式对试验数据进行了分析.理论和试验结果表明:电容极板上的感应电压为与输电线路同相位的正弦波形，最高感应电压幅值可达21.98 kV；感应电压幅值会随着距输电线路距离减小和电容极板尺寸增大而增大，距输电线路距离对感应电压幅值影响更大.

Novel energy harvesting method-using capacitance inducing voltage to harvest energy under the transmission line

Aiming at the problems that existing energy harvesting devices are susceptible to weather, complicated installation, short life and high insulation requirements, the paper proposes a method for harvesting induced electric field energy of high voltage transmission line by using capacitor. This method of isolated electrical connection with high-voltage transmission lines has the characteristics of stable energy supply, clean energy and easy operation. According to the principle of harvesting energy by the method, the paper establishes the corresponding equivalent circuit and analyzes the characteristics of the energy harvested by the method. On this basis, a three-dimensional field calculation model is established, and the electric field distribution characteristics of high-voltage transmission lines are calculated. The effects of capacitance plate size, placement position and height on energy harvestion are discussed. Finally, based on theoretical analysis, the paper carried out an electric field test around the high-voltage transmission line of the capacitor plate. The test data was analyzed by curve fitting. Both theoretical and experimental results show that the induced voltage on the capacitor plate is a sinusoidal waveform with the same phase as the transmission line, and the highest induced voltage amplitude can reach 21.98 kV; the amplitude of the in- duced voltage will increase as the distance from the transmission line decreases and the size of the capacitor plate increases. The distance from the transmission line has a greater influence on the amplitude of the induced voltage.