同步氨化/碳化法制备MXene/C平面多孔复合电极

MXene是一种新型二维过渡金属碳/氮化物, 具有优异电化学性能的赝电容型超级电容器电极材料。本研究尝试用同步氨化/碳化制备MXene平面多孔电极。以滤纸为多孔平面模板, 通过浸渍-烘干的手段把MXene固定在滤纸的纤维上, 然后在氨气的气氛中热处理, 得到了MXene/C平面多孔复合电极。分析结果表明: MXene纳米片均匀包覆在由滤纸碳化形成的碳纤维上。当浸渍5次时, 在2 mV/s的扫速下测试, 制备出的复合电极的面积比电容达到403 mF/cm ²。在电流密度为10 mA/cm ²下进行恒流充放电循环测试2500次后, 比电容仍然与初始电容几乎相同, 表现出良好的倍率性能和循环稳定性。在不使用高分子粘合剂和金属集流体的情况下, 同步氨化/碳化法制备出的MXene/C平面多孔复合电极表现出优良的电化学性能。

Fabrication of Planar Porous MXene/Carbon Composite Electrodes by Simultaneous Ammonization/Carbonization

As a new class of two-dimensional transition metal carbon/nitride, MXenes have been proven to be a kind of pseudocapacitive supercapacitor electrode materials with excellent electrochemical property, and hold promise in practical use in the near future. In practical applications, it is required to make the electrode materials into planar porous electrodes for capacitor assembly. Herein, a simultaneous ammonization/carbonization method is proposed for the preparation of MXene planar porous electrode. Filter paper was used as a planar porous template, and MXene was coated on the fibers of the filter paper by means of dipping-drying, and then heat-treated in an ammonia atmosphere to obtain MXene/carbon planar porous composite electrodes. Analysis results show that the MXene nanosheets are uniformly coated on the carbonization-derived carbon fibers of the filter paper. When immersed 5 times, the areal capacitance reaches 403 mF/cm ² at a scan rate of 2 mV/s. After the composite electrode was tested for 2500 times in a galvanostatic charge-discharge cycle at a current density of 10 mA/cm ², the capacitance was almost the same as the initial capacitance, showing good rate performance and cycle stability. The MXene/carbon planar porous composite electrodes prepared by simultaneous ammonia/carbonization exhibit excellent electrochemical performance without using either polymer binder or metal current collector.