树脂基复合材料表面隔热涂层的组织与性能研究

以碳纤维增强环氧树脂作为基体材料, 设计并制备了一种轻质、环保的隔热涂层。为解决基体材料与涂层之间热膨胀系数差别大导致易于开裂的问题, 同时实现具有高反射率和低热导率的目标, 通过添加聚氨酯、TiO₂、SiO₂、Al₂O₃等填料制备连接层、阻隔层、反射层等三个不同功能层形成复合隔热涂层。通过优化涂层脱落时间、反射率、热导率等, 得到连接层、阻隔层、反射层最优厚度分别为80、120和90 μm。优化后的隔热涂层具有优异性能: 涂层的反射率高达0.95, 导热系数为0.048 W·m ^-1·K ^-1, 隔热温差为20.1 ℃; 耐热冲击性能良好, 190 ℃的最大失重率为3.7%, 并在随后保持稳定; 在160 ℃连续保温4 h后表面变黄, 但无明显脱落现象, 同时, 纳米填料颗粒保持原状态。

Microstructure and Property of Thermal Insulation Coating on the Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composites

A lightweight, environmentally-friendly thermal insulation coating was experimentally applied to the carbon fiber to reinforce epoxy resin composites. The coating is mainly composed of bonding layer, barrier layer and reflective layer, and prepared by using titanium dioxide, silica, aluminum oxide and hollow glass microspheres as function fillers. The addition of waterborne polyurethane with a thermal expansion coefficient of 120×10 ^-6 K ^-1 as a film-forming material, is to solve the problem of cracking caused by the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients of the coating and the substrate material. The results show that after being applied the coating, can solidify within 24 h at room temperature. When the thicknesses of the bonding layer, the heat barrier layer and the reflective layer were 80, 120, and 90 μm, the thermal insulation coating has the best performance with reflectance of the coating higher than 0.95, the thermal conductivity at 0.048 W·m ^-1·K ^-1 and the temperature difference as high as 20.1 ℃. After being subjected to thermal shock at 190 ℃ for 6 times, and the maximum weight loss rate of the coating was 3.7%, indicating the coating highly stable. When kept at 160 ℃ for 4 h, its surface turned yellow without falling off, and its nano filler particles still remained stable.