坝下游面钢衬钢筋混凝土管道结构研究综述

坝下游面钢衬钢筋混凝土管道是目前坝后式电站引水管道的主要布置形式,其安全性和可靠性直接关系到水电站的安全生产和正常运营。本文首先对坝下游面管的优缺点和发展过程进行了简要回顾与分析,然后从坝下游面管国内外典型工程实例的应用和存在的问题出发,对坝下游面管的理论分析、模型试验、数值计算等主要研究方法,以及管道在内水压力、温度作用和地震作用下的承载机理和开裂特性的研究进展进行了归纳和总结,重点讨论了管道混凝土裂缝宽度的计算方法和控制措施,在此基础上提出了需要进一步研究的问题和发展方向,可为今后坝下游面管的深入研究和创新提供思路。

Overview of research and engineering application of steel-lined reinforced concrete penstocks laid on downstream dam surfaces

The steel-lined reinforced concrete penstock laid on the downstream dam surface is a main layout of water diversion pipes for a hydropower house at dam toe, and its safety and reliability is crucial to safe, normal operation of the project. This paper presents a brief review and analysis of its pros and cons and historical development, and then compares and sums up the theoretical analysis, model test, and numerical calculation, among other methods used for its research and design, based on typical engineering examples in China and abroad and existing application problems. And we summarize recent advancements in the studies of load bearing mechanism and crack characteristics under internal water pressure, temperature loads, and seismic loads, focusing on the calculation methods and control measures of crack openings of the concrete around the penstocks. Finally, we discuss the problems and directions for further studies in the penstock layout of hydropower houses at dam toe and suggest ideas for the design innovation of penstocks.