稠化剂对润滑脂低温性能的影响研究

高速发展的工业和国防事业对润滑脂的低温使用性能提出更严苛的要求，稠化剂作为润滑脂3大组分之一，对润滑脂的低温性能起着至关重要的作用。选取金属皂基稠化剂锂皂和钙皂、复合金属皂基稠化剂复合锂皂、磺酸钙皂、非皂基稠化剂膨润土和聚脲，分别添加到两种基础油PAO4和PAO10中，制备得到不同稠化剂类型的润滑脂，考察稠化剂类型对润滑脂低温性能的影响。结果表明：润滑脂低温性能与稠化剂类型有较大的相关性，单金属皂基润滑脂低温性能优于复合金属皂基润滑脂；同一黏度级别基础油制备的润滑脂低温性能从优到劣的顺序依次为：金属皂基润滑脂＞膨润土润滑脂＞复合锂基润滑脂＞聚脲润滑脂＞磺酸钙润滑脂。

EFFECT OF THICKENER ON LOW TEMPERATURE PERFORMACE OF GREASE

The low temperature performance of grease is becoming more important against the fast-growing of industry and defense industry. As one of the three major components of grease, thickener plays a vital role in the low temperature performance. The metal soap thickeners, Li-soap and Ca-soap, lithium complex soap thickener, calcium sulfonate soap thickener and non-soap thickener like bentonite and polyuria, were added to PAO4 and PAO10, respectively, to prepare greases with different thickener. The results indicated that the low temperature performance of the greases had great correlations with the type of thickener, the low temperature performance of single metal soap base grease is better than that of composite metal soap base grease. Being the same viscosity of base oil, the low temperature performance of metal soap grease was the best, followed by bentonite grease, lithium complex grease, polyurea grease and calcium sulfonate grease.