蒸汽驱机理再认识及全生命周期开发研究

针对目前辽河油田齐40块蒸汽驱开发面临的含水率高、热利用率有待提高等问题,运用油藏工程分析与数值模拟,提出了蒸汽驱全生命周期的评价方法,并得到了蒸汽驱各阶段注采参数设计方法。研究结果表明:基于稠油黏度与温度的关系特征,将目前的蒸汽驱“三场”修正为“四场”,可以更加直观地评价蒸汽驱的开发效果;基于蒸汽驱过程中的不同机理,将目前蒸汽驱的“3个阶段”划分为“4个阶段”,能够更准确地评价蒸汽驱的全过程。结合黏度场特征及热利用情况,对蒸汽驱各阶段的注采参数进行设计:热连通建立温度场阶段和蒸汽驱替阶段的最优注汽强度分别为200 m³/(d·m·km²)和150 m³/(d·m·km²);蒸汽较明显突破调整注采参数阶段的最优注汽强度为120 m³/(d·m·km²),干度控制在0.2左右,有利于阶段的开发效果。蒸汽驱全面汽窜后,通过分析蒸汽-热水交替注入和间歇汽驱的开发机理,对比二者与继续蒸汽驱开发效果,认为蒸汽-热水交替注入和间歇汽驱是全面汽窜后较好的接替方式。研究成果对辽河油田齐40块的蒸汽驱开发具有一定的指导意义,可为类似的稠油油田开发提供参考。

Re-understanding of Steam Flooding Mechanism and Research on Full Life Cycle Development

In view of the high water content and the low heat utilization rate faced by the steam flooding development of Qi 40 Block in Liaohe Oilfield, a full life cycle evaluation method of steam flooding was proposed, and a design method of injection-production parameters for each flooding stage was established. The research results show that: based on the correlation between viscosity and temperature of heavy oil, the current "three fields" of steam flooding can be modified to "four fields", which can more intuitively evaluate the development effect of steam flooding. Based on the different mechanisms during the steam flooding process, the current "3 stages" of steam flooding was divided into "4 stages", which can more accurately evaluate the whole process of steam flooding.Combining the characteristics of viscosity field and heat utilization situations, design the injection-production parameters for each steam flooding stage: in the establishment stage of temperature field for heat connection and the steam displacement stage, the optimal steam injection intensity was 200 m³/(d·m·km²) and 150 m³/(d·m·km²), respectively; in the injection-production parameter adjustment stage when the steam broke through obviously, the optimal steam injection intensity was 120 m³/(d·m·km²), and the dryness was controlled at about 0.2, which was beneficial to the development effect of this stage. After the full steam channeling of steam flooding, the development mechanism of steam-hot water alternate injection and development mechanism of intermittent steam flooding were analyzed. The two development patterns were compared with continuous steam flooding, and the development effects indicated that steam-hot water alternate injection and intermittent steam flooding were the better freplacement methods after full steam channeling. The research results have certain guiding significance for the steam flooding development of Qi 40 block in Liaohe Oilfield, which can provide a reference for the development of similar heavy oil fields.