含石蜡相变微胶囊的丁羟胶（HTPB）类聚氨酯弹性体的合成及其热学性能及力学性能的研究

以苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物为囊壁及以密胺树脂为囊壁、熔点50℃的石蜡为囊芯制备了两种石蜡相变材料微胶囊，将其不经任何处理直接添加到端羟基聚丁二烯（HTPB）型聚氨酯弹性体体系中，制备出聚氨酯弹性体复合材料，并对制备的含两种不同囊壁的石蜡相变微胶囊的聚氨酯弹性体的热力学稳定性和力学性能进行了测试和表征。其结果表明，加入石蜡相变微胶囊后聚氨酯弹性体本身很好的热力学稳定性并未降低，且含密胺树脂为囊壁的石蜡相变微胶囊的聚氨酯弹性体热力学稳定性增大了；加入微胶囊后其拉伸强度及压缩强度都得到的大幅度的提高；随着加入的石蜡相变微胶囊的囊壁/囊芯质量比的变大，压缩强度增大，拉伸强度减少；而含密胺树脂囊壁类的胶样增加拉伸强度的幅度比较大，而含聚苯乙烯囊壁类的胶样增加压缩强度的幅度较大。

Preparation and Analysis of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of HTPB-type Polyurethane Elastomer Containing Paraffin Microcapsules

Two microcapsules with different paraffin phase changes were prepared using styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer and melamine resin as capsule wall and paraffin (melt point 50 °C) as capsule core. The microcapsules were directly added to the HTPB–polyurethane elastomer system to fabricate polyurethane elastomer composites. The thermodynamic stability and mechanical properties of the material were then studied. Results showed that adding paraffin to microcapsules did not change the thermodynamic stability of the polyurethane elastomer but improved the thermodynamic stability. Tensile strength increased from 367 KPa to 797 KPa, and compression strength increased from 245.9 N to 344.7 N. In addition, capsule walls comprised different monomers/ paraffin microcapsules of the copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene. The optimal mechanical property was obtained at 1:1 ratio of the monomer to the paraffin. The compression strength?be increased and tensile strength decreased. The tensile strength of the microcapsule with melamine resin capsule wall and the compression strength of the microcapsule with polystyrene capsule wall considerably improved.