异形炸药部件的水射流安全分解技术

针对大尺寸、异形炸药部件的安全分解问题，提出基于水射流技术的炸药安全分解技术的设计方案。根据炸药部件的结构特点和材料属性，建立水射流切割炸药部件的有限元数值仿真模型；通过分析炸药材料在不同水射流速度下切割过程、极限应力水平及损失情况，不断优化水射流速度，在确保形状复杂的炸药部件不被冲击引爆和几何结构不遭受彻底破坏情况下对炸药部件进行分解。分解后的炸药块保持形状完整，内部无损伤缺陷，能够为进一步分析炸药部件的物理化学性能提供有效样品。对厚度为75 mm的百千克级空心圆柱型炸药部件的实施分解试验，按照该设计方案最终获得优化后的水射流速度为293 m/s. 试验结果证明，炸药分解设计方案可行，设计的分解装置通用性强，能够为安全分解大尺寸、大当量、复杂结构炸药部件提供有效的技术支持，具有一定的推广应用价值。

Water-jet-based Safe Decomposition Technology of Special-shaped Explosive

A design scheme for the safe decomposition of explosives based on water jet technology is proposed for the safe decomposition of large-size and special-shaped explosive components. A finite element numerical simulation model for the water jet cutting the explosive components is established according to the structural characteristics and material properties of the explosive components, and the cutting process and ultimate stress level of the explosive materials under different water jet velocity is analyzed. The water jet velocity is optimized to ensure that the explosive is not detonated by impact and the geometric structure is not completely destroyed. The decomposed explosive components keep their shapes intact and have no internal damage defects, which can provide effective samples for further analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the explosive components. Through the decomposing experiment of a hundred kilogram-level hollow cylindrical explosive with thickness of 75 mm, the optimized water jet velocity of 293 m/s was finally achieved. The experimental result shows that the explosive decomposition scheme is feasible. The designed decomposition device is highly versatile and can provide effective technical support for the safe decomposition of large-size and complex-structure explosive components.