湖北省十堰市烟田杂草的种类与分布

为了明确湖北省十堰市主要烟叶产区烟田杂草的种类及分布,确定危害烟叶生产的主要杂草种类,为高产优质烟叶生产提供技术支撑,笔者于2011年9月在湖北省十堰市植烟面积比较大的郧西县、竹山县和房县的8个乡镇进行了烟田杂草种类及分布普查.普查采用对角线五点取样法,样方50 cm×50 cm,调查样方中的所有杂草种类和株(分蘖)数.结果表明,十堰市烟田杂草有62种,隶属于27个科.优势种为马唐、旱稗、尼泊尔蓼、铁苋菜和牛膝菊.发生频度较高的几种杂草依次为马唐、铁苋菜、尼泊尔蓼、腺梗豨莶和牛膝菊.危害最严重的杂草种类为马唐、铁苋菜和尼泊尔蓼,应作为防除重点.海拔高度对杂草的种类及分布有一定影响,在海拔较低的烟田中杂草种类较多.

Species and Distribution of Weeds in Tobacco Fields in Shiyan,Hubei Province

In order to identify the weed species,their distribution and the noxious species in major tobacco-planting areas in Shiyan,Hubei province,and to provide technical support for high quality tobacco production,a survey was carried out in 8 towns in Yunxi,Zhushan and Fangxian,where tobacco-planting areas were the largest in Shiyan in September,2011.All weed species and their numbers in a quadrat(50 cm × 50 cm) were recorded by using Diagonal Five-Point Sampling method.The results showed that there were 62 weed species,belonging to 27 families in tobacco fields in Shiyan.The dominant species were Digitaria sanguinalis,Echinochloa hispidula,Polygonum nepalense,Acalypha australis and Galinsoga parvifl.The weeds with high occurrence frequency were Digitaria sanguinalis,Acalypha australis,Polygonum nepalense,Siegesbeckia pubescens and Galinsoga parvifl.The altitude had some influence on weed species and their distribution.More weed species were found at lower altitudes than at higher altitudes.The weed species in tobacco fields in Shiyan was rich and their distribution was wide.Weed species varied in different altitudes and regions.According to weed density and frequency,the most noxious weed species in tobacco fields in Shiyan were Digitaria sanguinalis,Acalypha australis,and Polygonum nepalense,which should be paid much attention in weeds control.