种植密度与施氮量对江西紫色土烤烟产量及农艺性状的影响

为了查明江西紫色土上种植模式与浓香型烟叶质量的关系,以江西省主栽烤烟品种K326为试验材料,研究种植密度与施氮量互作对烤烟产量及农艺性状的影响。结果发现,增施氮肥后株高显著增高、烟叶显著增宽、叶长/宽显著减小、烟叶鲜重/干重显著提高。当施氮量≤142.5 kg/hm²时,株距越小烟叶越宽,烟株密植能显著提高烟叶产量；但当施氮量≥142.5 kg/hm²时烟株稀植有利于上等烟比例的提高；当施氮量为165 kg/hm²时,烟株稀植有利于叶长与叶宽的增加,同时显著提高上等烟比例；当施氮量为165 kg/hm²、株距为0.5 m时,烤烟产量与产值均最高。故建议今后紫色土烤烟种植模式为行距1.2 m,株距0.5 m、施氮量165 kg/hm²。

Effects of Planting Density and Nitrogen Rate on Yield and Characters of Flue-cured Tobacco Planted in Purple Soil in Jiangxi Province

In order to identify the relationship of planting pattern and the quality of strong aroma type tobacco in purple soil of Jiangxi province,a field experiment with a widely planted tobacco variety K326 in Jiangxi was conducted to study the effects of planting density and nitrogen rate on characteristics of tobacco in purple soil in Jiangxi.The results showed that as the nitrogen rate increased,the plant height,the leaf width and the ratio of fresh leaf weight to dry leaf weight increased significantly,while the ratio of leaf length to leaf width obviously decreased.When the nitrogen rate was less than 142.5 kg/ha,the less the plant spacing,the wider the leaf,higher density could increase tobacco yield,while thin planting significantly increased the percentage of high-quality tobacco leaf when the nitrogen application rate was more than 142.5 kg/ha.When the nitrogen application rate was 165 kg/ha,thin planting was greatly in favor of increasing the leaf length and leaf width and the percentage of high-quality tobacco leaf.When the plant spacing was 0.5 m and the nitrogen rate was 165 kg/ha,it could obtain the highest yield and economic benefit of tobacco.So it is suggested that the purple soil tobacco planting mode was row spacing 1.2 m,plant spacing 0.5 m and nitrogen application rate 165 kg/ha.