PDC钻头三维扫描及逆向设计技术

利用常规技术设计制造PDC钻头存在精度低、效率不高、方法不系统等问题，为解决该问题，研究应用了三维扫描及逆向设计技术。简单介绍了三维扫描及逆向设计技术，分析了PDC钻头三维扫描及逆向设计的方法及优点；以φ215.9 mm五刀翼、φ16.0 mm复合片的PDC钻头为例，介绍了PDC钻头三维扫描及逆向设计步骤。采用三维扫描及逆向设计技术设计制造的PDC钻头在现场进行了试验，并分析了其磨损情况，根据分析结果对钻头又进行了改进。改进后的钻头在胜利油田和长庆油田进行了应用，应用情况显示，无论进尺还是机械钻速，改进后的钻头都较原型钻头有很大提高，并降低了发生泥包的概率。研究结果表明，利用三维扫描及逆向设计技术可以优化PDC钻头设计、提高钻头体加工精度、精确分析钻头磨损情况等，从而提高PDC钻头的研制水平和应用效果。 

3D Scanning and Reverse Design Technology of PDC Bit

The design and manufacturing of PDC bit using conventional techniques experienced some problems like low precision,low efficiency and absence of systematic method.In order to overcome such problems,3D scanning and reverse design techniques were studied and applied.This paper introduced the 3D scanning and reverse design techniques and their applications,and analyzed their advantages in the development of PDC bit.Taking PDC bit with five blades of φ215.9 mm and φ16.0 mm composite chip as an example,this paper introduced the steps of PDC bit 3D scanning and reverse design and specific methods of each step.Field test of PDC bit designed and manufactured using such technique was conducted in a well,after which the wear condition of PDC bit was analyzed.Based on the analysis results,the bit was improved.The improved drill bit was applied in Shengli Oilfield and Changqing Oilfield.The application results showed that such bit had obvious improvement in footage and ROP compared with the prototype bit before reverse design,and the probability of bit balling was reduced as well.The results proved that the design of PDC bit could be optimized,the machining accuracy of bit body could be improved,and the wear condition of bit could be analyzed accurately by utilizing 3D scanning and reverse design techniques,which could also improve the research and application of PDC bit effectively.