Growth of Sillenite-Structure Single Crystals |
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| Authors: | V M Skorikov Yu F Kargin A V Egorysheva V V Volkov M Gospodinov |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia;2.Institute of Solid State Physics,Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,Sofia,Bulgaria |
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| Abstract: | The main processes for preparing bulk single crystals and films of photorefractive and piezoelectric Bi12M x O20±δ (M = Group II–VIII elements) sillenite compounds are considered. Experimental data are summarized on the crystal growth of Bi12M x O20±δ from the melt and under hydrothermal conditions, and the key morphological features of sillenites are analyzed. Various types of macroscopic growth defects in sillenite-type crystals are described, and their origin is discussed. The compositions of second-phase inclusions in undoped and doped (Group I–VIII elements) Bi12SiO20, Bi12GeO20, and Bi12TiO20 single crystals are presented, and the main physicochemical properties of various Bi12M x O20±δ crystals are summarized. |
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