文物视角下设计文化的传承与创新

目的 以陕西历史博物馆珍藏的仰韶文化、西周、战国、秦、西汉及唐具有代表性文物为例,对中国传统设计文化进行了梳理和分析。方法 从历史、文化、科技、艺术等方面,结合文献资料分析、文物对比研究、材料科学及加工工艺分析等方法,探索中国古代器物设计的成因与演变,得到中国历史上各个时期器物的设计特点和发展脉络,设计文化更多体现在“天、地、人”的关系之中,体现了古代“由器至道”“格物致知”的造物思想。结果 证明中国自古以来都存在具有自身特点的设计,其“师法自然”“以人为本”“兼爱及节用”等设计思想对当代设计依然具有参考价值;每个时代都有属于当下的设计特征,与时俱进的思想贯穿了中国古代设计历程。结论 设计文化的继承不是复古,而是有创新的继承;不仅是“器”或“技”的继承,更重要的是设计思想的继承。中国的设计就是在“格物致知”和“由知格物”的循环递进中不断发展起来的。

Inheritance and Innovation of Design Culture from the Perspective of Cultural Relics

Taking the representative cultural relics of Yangshao Culture, Western Zhou Dynasty, Warring States Period, Qin, Western Han, and Tang Dynasties collected by Shaanxi History Museum as examples, the paper ains to sort out and analyze traditional Chinese design culture as well as explore the causes and evolution of ancient Chinese artifact design from history, culture, technology, and art through literary analysis, cultural relics comparative research, material science, and processing technology analysis. We obtained the design characteristics and development context of artifacts in various periods of Chinese history. The design culture is more reflected in the relationship of "Tian, Di, Ren", reflecting the ancient" You Qi Zhi Dao (learning rules from specific things)" and "Ge Wu Zhi Zhi (gaining knowledge by studying the principles)" creative ideas.The result proves that China has had designs with its own characteristics since ancient times, and its design ideas such as Learn From Nature, People-oriented, Universal Love, and Thrift still have reference value for contemporary design. Each era has its own design characteristics, and the idea of keeping pace with the times runs through the design process of ancient China.The inheritance of design culture is not retro, but innovative. It is not only the inheritance of "Qi" or "Ji" but also the inheritance of design ideas. Chinese design is constantly developing in the cycle of "Ge Wu Zhi Zhi (gaining knowledge by studying the principles)" and "You Zhi Ge Wu (learning rules from specific things)".