A Greener Alternative Titration Method for Measuring Acid Values of Fats,Oils, and Grease |
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| Authors: | Junsong Zhang Mingming Lu Fumin Ren Gerhard Knothe Qingshi Tu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati (UC), PO Box 210012, Cincinnati, OH, 45221 USA;2. Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044 China;3. Bio-oils Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Peoria, IL, 61604 USA |
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| Abstract: | A greener alternative method is proposed for measuring acid values (AV) of fats, oils, and grease (FOG) based on visual titration. Compared with Official Method Cd 3d-63 of the American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), this greener alternative method can eliminate the use of toluene, which in turn reduces toxicity and cost. A total of 44 samples of yellow and brown grease with AV ranging from 0.13 to 170.37 (mg KOH) g−1 were titrated using both methods. The alternative titration method can provide accurate and reliable results to determine the AV of FOG by various statistical analyses including repeatability, linear regression, f-test, t-test, and method accuracy calibration with AOCS Cd 3d-63. This low-cost method can be recommended for routine titration in research and development, and in biodiesel plants for most FOG samples. |
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| Keywords: | Acid value (AV) Fats oils and grease (FOG) Greener alternative method Visual titration Yellow grease Brown grease |
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