不同生物质纤维及其添加量对PBAT复合材料结构与性能的影响

目的 将生物质纤维材料芦苇、黄麻和纸浆引入聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)中，通过高速共混机制备高性能的硬质可生物降解复合材料。方法 研究不同生物质纤维及其添加量对复合材料结构、性能、生物降解性的影响。结果 PBAT/生物质纤维复合材料的弯曲模量和强度得到明显提升。在3种复合材料中，PBAT/纸浆复合材料表现出最佳的力学性能和热稳定性，通过简单混合PBAT和质量分数为60%的纸浆，其弯曲模量、弯曲强度可分别达到(1 055±35)、(12.46±1.10)MPa。降解试验结果表明，复合材料的降解速率显著高于PBAT的降解速率，并且与生物质纤维的吸水性及尺寸有关。结论 经大尺寸生物质纤维填充PBAT得到的硬质可降解复合材料的综合性能优异，为发展绿色可降解硬质包装及包装填充物材料提供了科学思路和技术依据。

Effects of Different Biomass Fibers and Their Content on the Structure and Properties of PBAT Composites

The work aims to introduce the biomass fiber materials such as reed, pulp and jute into Poly(Butylene Adipate-co-Terephthalate) (PBAT) to prepare high-performance rigid biodegradable composites by a high-speed blender. The effects of different biomass fibers and their content on the structure, properties and biodegradability of the composites were investigated. The bending modulus and strength of the PBAT/biomass fibers composite were significantly improved. Among the three composites, the PBAT/pulp composite showed the best mechanical properties and thermal stability. For the PBAT-doped pulp with a 60% mass fraction, the bending modulus and bending strength reached (1055±35)MPa and (12.46±1.1)MPa. The degradation test showed that the degradation rate of the composite was significantly higher than that of PBAT, which was related to the water absorption and size of the biomass fibers. The rigid biodegradable composites obtained by filling PBAT with large size biomass fibers have excellent comprehensive performance, which provides scientific ideas and technical basis for the development of green biodegradable rigid packaging and packaging filler materials.