塔里木河干流河道综合治理措施的研究(Ⅰ)——干流河道演变规律

在全面分析塔里木河干流河道来水来沙特性及遥感地形资料的基础上,对干流河道的河床演变、输水输沙特性与河道冲淤等进行了系统的研究,提出了干流河道河型及划分标准、河道稳定性指标、断面水力几何形态及近期河势摆动范围等,建立了干流河道的挟沙能力公式,揭示了塔里木河干流河床演变的基本规律;通过深入分析干流河道的断面形态与输水输沙特征,考虑干流河道基础资料短缺和水量损失(洪水漫溢、引水跑水、渗漏蒸发)严重的特点,建立了适用于干流河道不同形态(枯水、平滩、漫滩)河槽的输水输沙计算模式,开发了干流河道一维泥沙数学模型,论述了干流河道的冲淤特点。

Study on comprehensive regulation measures of the Main Stem Tarim River——Fluvial Processes

Based on analyses of the hydrologic data of water and sediment and river regimes by remote sensing survey,authors have studied the fluvial processes,water and sediment transport,and sedimentation of the Main Stem Tarim River.The basic process rules of the Main Stem Tarim River were given in this paper such as the hydraulic geometry,the channel stability index,river patterns,the regime range and formula of the sediment transport capacity of the Main Stem Tarim River.Considering shortage of basic data and serious water losses(such as flood overflow,diversion,seepage and evaporation),a calculation model of water and sediment transport which would be used for the different cross section forms(such as form during non-flood period,form at the floodplain and form at the overflow floodplain) and a 1-D mathematical model were developed on the basis of the cross section forms and characteristics of water and sediment transport.Using the calculation model and 1-D mathematical model,authors finally analyzed erosion and deposition of the Main Stem Tarim River.