汉江上游野生与养殖翘嘴鳜营养成分的对比分析及评价

选取不同体质量的汉江上游野生和外地引入的人工养殖翘嘴鳜各10尾,对其肌肉中的常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量、必需氨基酸的评价、微量元素硒的含量进行了检测,对比分析二者肌肉营养品质的差异。结果表明:野生养殖翘嘴鳜的水分、灰分和粗脂肪含量低于养殖翘嘴鳜,但其粗蛋白含量(20.45%)略高于养殖翘嘴鳜(17.28%)。两种翘嘴鳜的谷氨酸含量最高,天冬氨酸和赖氨酸次之,含量最低的是蛋氨酸和组氨酸,野生和养殖翘嘴鳜的氨基酸评价指数(EAAI)分别为102.98%和96.48%。野生翘嘴鳜二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和二十碳五烯酸(EPA)的含量分别为7.62%和2.80%,均高于养殖翘嘴鳜,但其饱和脂肪酸(SFA)的总量(17.69%)和单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)总量(18.34%)均低于养殖翘嘴鳜。野生翘嘴鳜肌肉中的硒含量为(88±5)μg/kg,高于养殖翘嘴鳜(51±2)μg/kg。综上,汉江上游野生和养殖翘嘴鳜均属于营养价值较高鱼类,但野生翘嘴鳜的肌肉营养品质优于养殖翘嘴鳜,可以在该区域进行产业化开发。

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Components of Wild and Cultured Siniperca chuatsi in the Upper Stream of Hanjiang River

10 wild and cultured Siniperca chuatsi specimen with varied sizes were collected from the upper stream of the Hanjiang river and their basic nutrition components,amino acid and fatty acid contents,evaluation of amino acid,selenium contents were detected to estimate the difference between these two groups.The results showed that the water,ash and crude fat contained in the body of wild S.chuatsi were lower than the ones in cultured S.chuatsi body,whereas the crude protein contents ( 20.45%) was a bit higher than the one for cultured S.chuatsi( 17.28%).Among all the amino acids contained in these two groups,the contents of glutamate was the highest,followed by aspartate and lysine,while methionine and histidine were the lowest.The essential amino acid indexes for wild and cultured S.chuatsi were 102.98% and 96.48% respectively.The contents of DHA and EPA for wild S.chuatsi were 7.62% and 2.80%,which was higher than the cultured S.chuatsi.However,the contents of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids for wild S.chuatsi,17.69% and 18.34%,were lower than that for cultured S.chuatsi.Wild and cultured S.chuatsi in the upper stream of the Hanjiang river contained the microelement selenium and the contents were( 88 ± 5) and( 51 ± 2)μg /kg respectively.In summary,both of wild and cultured S.chuatsi in the upper stream of the Hanjiang river had good quality fishes with high nutritional evaluation,but the muscle nutrition quality of the wild S.chuatsi was better.And it would be applicable to develop the wild selenium- rich S.chuatsi industry in the upper stream of Hanjiang river.