复合菌株对采后芒果品质和抗病性的影响

以实验室分离得到的汉逊德巴利酵母(Debaryomyces hansenii,Y-1)、尼泊尔德巴利酵母(Debaryomyces nepalensis,T18)和萎缩芽孢杆菌(Bacillus atrophaeus,TE-7)为材料,研究单独处理(Y-1、T18、TE-7)和复合处理(Y-1+TE-7、Y-1+T18、T18+TE-7)对芒果贮藏品质和抗病性的影响。结果表明:Y-1和TE-7菌悬液以体积比1∶1复配后浸泡芒果20 min,能显著抑制胶胞炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)孢子萌发;此外,与Y-1和TE-7单一处理相比,Y-1+TE-7处理能有效延缓果实a~*值、可溶性固形物质量分数、硬度、可滴定酸质量分数的变化;贮藏中后期(6 d后),Y-1+TE-7处理较Y-1和TE-7单一处理过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖活力增强;贮藏中期(9～18 d),Y-1+TE-7处理较Y-1和TE-7单一处理多酚氧化酶活力减弱。说明Y-1和TE-7复合使用能显著提高采后芒果的贮藏品质,增强果实的抗病性,在芒果采后处理上具有一定的应用潜力。

Effects of Combinations of Antagonistic Strains on Quality and Disease Resistance of Postharvest Mango

Debaryomyces hansenii Y-1, Debaryomyces nepalensis T18 and Bacillus atrophaeus TE-7, isolated in our laboratory, were used to investigate their effects when used alone or in combination (Y-1 + TE-7, Y-1 + T18, T18 + TE-7) on the storage quality and disease resistance of mango fruit. The results showed that soaking treatment with Y-1 + TE-7 (1:1, V/V) for 20 min significantly inhibited the spore germination of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Moreover, Y-1 + TE-7 treatment could not only remarkably delay the changes in a* value, firmness, titratable acidity (TA) and soluble solids (TSS) content, but also enhance the activity of peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine amidase (PAL) and β-1,3-glucan (GLU) from 6 to 21 days of storage compared with either alone. This combination reduced the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) between 9 and 18 days of storage in comparison with either treatment alone. These observations suggest that Y-1 + TE-7 treatment can effectively improve the storage quality and increase disease resistance in mango fruit, and it can be potentially applied to postharvest handling of mango fruit.