酶解法提取铜藻中海藻酸钠的工艺优化及物料分析

为了充分利用海藻资源,本研究以褐藻中的铜藻为原料,采用酶解法(包括纤维素酶和水解酶)提取海藻酸钠,在考察酶添加量、酶解时间、酶解温度和pH的单因素实验基础上,通过正交试验优化提取工艺。结果表明,最佳提取工艺为:水解酶添加量0.8%、纤维素酶Ⅱ添加量1%,pH5的条件下,55℃酶解90 min,通过消化、钙析、酸化和醇沉等工艺制备海藻酸钠,得率达24.51%±0.54%,较传统工艺(16.71%)提高了46.70%;扫描电镜显示,酶能有效破坏铜藻细胞壁的结构,促进多糖的溶出,提高海藻酸钠的得率;酶解法相比传统法,新增产出要远高于多耗费的成本,同时减少了稀释用水量和工业废水的排放量。酶解法提取海藻酸钠为铜藻的高值化加工提供有效的技术途径,具有一定的应用前景。

Extraction Process Optimization of Sodium Alginate from Sargassum horneri by Enzymes Method and Material Analysis

In order to make the best use of seaweed resources,compound enzymes method(including hydrolase and cellulase)was used in this research to extract sodium alginate from Sargassum horneri. Based on the single factor experiment of enzyme concentration,temperature,pH and time,the orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the extraction process. Results showed that the optimal conditions were hydrolase concentration 0.8%,the cellulase Ⅱ concentration 1%,enzymatic hydrolysis under the condition of 55℃ and pH5 for 90 min. After alkali digestion decolorization,calcium agglomerating,acidification and alcohol precipitation,the yield rate of sodium alginate could reach to 24.51%±0.54%,which was 46.70% higher than traditional method(16.71%). The compound enzymes method could provided an effective technical way for the value-increment utilization of S. horneri. Microscopic observation by SEM showed that enzymatic hydrolysis could effectively destroy the structure of cell wall,promote the dissolution of polysaccharides and improve the extraction rate of sodium alginate. Compared with the traditional method,the new output of enzymes method was much higher than the cost of multi-consumption,while the enzymes method reduced the amount of dilution water and industrial wastewater. Extraction of sodium alginate by enzymes method provide an effective technical way for the value-increment of S. horneri and it had extensive application prospect.