异硫氰酸苄酯及其类似物抑菌活性的初步探究

本文对异硫氰酸苄酯及其类似物(异氰酸苄酯、异硫氰酸苯酯、异硫氰酸苯乙酯、异硫氰酸乙酯)对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性进行初步探究。通过对抑菌圈、最低抑菌浓度、最低杀菌浓度、生长曲线、能量代谢及构效关系研究,初步探究了异硫氰酸苄酯及其类似物的抑菌基团及抑菌机理。结果表明:5种物质对两种受试菌种均具有抑菌作用,尤其对金黄色葡萄球菌最为敏感;其抑菌活性是由异硫氰酸基团、亚甲基以及苯环三者共同作用的结果,并且异硫氰酸基团对其抑菌活性的决定性作用最大、亚甲基次之、苯环最弱。结构不同物质对细菌的代谢活性及相关酶活性的影响也不同。其中,异硫氰酸基团对能量代谢影响最大,氧原子被硫原子取代后进一步增强了这种作用,苯环的存在对能量代谢的影响产生反向作用。但对能量代谢影响最为明显的抑菌物质,其抑菌活性并不是最强的,这说明可能还存在其他抑菌机理。

Preliminary Study on Antibacterial Activity of Benzyl Isothiocyanate and Its Analogues

In this research,the antimicrobial activity of benzyl isothiocyanate and its structural analogues( benzyl isocyanate,phenyl isothiocyanate,phenylethyl isothiocyanate,ethyl isothiocyanate) against E. coli and S. aureus were studied. Through the measure of bacteriostasis circle,minimum bacteriostasis concentration,minimum bactericidal concentration,growth curve,energy metabolism and structure-activity relationship,the bacteriostasis active group and bacteriostasis mechanism of benzyl isothiocyanate and its analogues were preliminarily explored. The results showed that,5 substances both had bacteriostatic effects on tested strains,and S.aureus was more sensitive.The antibacterial activity of benzyl isothiocyanate was attributed to the interaction of isothiocyanate group,methylene group and benzene ring,and the isothiocyanate group had the most decisive effect,followed by the methylene group and the benzene ring. The effects of different structural substances on the metabolic activity and related enzyme activities of bacteria were different. The isothiocyanate group had the greatest effect on energy metabolism and the substitution of oxygen atoms for sulfur atoms further enhanced this effect. The benzene ring had a reverse effect on energy metabolism. The antimicrobial activity of the substance which had the most significant inhibitor of energy metabolism was not the strongest,which indicated that other bacteriostasis mechanisms might exist.