猕猴桃广谱拮抗内生菌分离鉴定及其对樱桃圣女果采后的保鲜作用

筛选具有广谱抑菌效果的内生菌并研究其发酵液对樱桃圣女果采后保鲜效果的影响。采用研磨法从健康猕猴桃的根、茎、叶和果实中分离纯化了18株内生菌,通过平板对峙法选出强活性菌株MR-1,并对其进行菌体、菌落形态的观察、生理生化测定及16S rRNA测序分析,进行菌种鉴定。进一步研究该活性菌株对8种常见致病菌的抑制效果以及樱桃圣女果主要病害菌的抑制作用。结果表明,菌株MR-1对采后致病菌拮抗效果较强,初步鉴定其为解淀粉芽孢杆菌,其对8种植物病原菌均有较强的拮抗作用,对链格孢、灰葡萄孢、辣椒炭疽病菌3种圣女果主要病害菌表现出较强的抑制作用,经内生菌MR-1发酵滤液处理的樱桃圣女果保鲜效果最好,其次为复合果蔬保鲜剂。储藏第8 d,与空白对照组相比,其腐烂直径分别下降了50.6%、50.6%及44.9%。解淀粉芽孢杆菌MR-1次级代谢产物丰富,其在果蔬保鲜中有较好的应用前景。

Isolation and Identification of Antagonistic Endophytic Bacteria of Kiwi Fruit and Its Applied on Fresh-keeping Cherry Tomato Postharvest

This article aimed to screen endophytic bacteria with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and investigate the post-harvest preservation effect of their fermentation products on cherry cherries. Eighteen endophytic bacteria were isolated and purified from the roots, stems, leaves or fruits of healthy kiwifruits by grinding method. The strong active strain MR-1 was selected by plate sputum method, and the bacteria, colony morphology, physiological and biochemical determination 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and strain identification. The inhibitory effect of the active strain on eight common pathogenic bacteria and the inhibitory effect of the main pathogen of cherry sage were further studied. The results showed that the strain MR-1 had strong antagonistic effect on postharvest pathogenic bacteria, and it was initially identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, which had strong antagonistic effect on 8 plant pathogens. It showed strong inhibitory effects on Alternaria nees, Ascomycota and Colletotrichum capsici three main disease bacterium. Cherry cherries treated with endophytic MR-1 fermentation filtrate had the best preservation effect, and the compound fruit and vegetable preservatives followed. On the 8th day of storage, comparing with the blank control group, the decay diameter of MR-1 group decreased by 50.6%, 50.6% and 44.9%. The secondary metabolites of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MR-1 were abundant, which had a good application prospect in the preservation of fruits and vegetables.