5种不同种属经济海藻挥发性成分的比较分析

采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)和气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)联用法,对鼠尾藻、浒苔、龙须菜、红毛菜和条斑紫菜5种常见经济海藻挥发性成分进行研究。结果表明,从五种海藻中分别鉴定出29、22、29、32、28种挥发性成分,主要为烃类、醇类、醛类及酯类物质。鼠尾藻、浒苔及龙须菜以烃类、醇类、醛类、酯类及其它挥发性化合物为主;红毛菜和条斑紫菜均以烃类成分为主,其含量超过70%以上,另外含有少量醇类、醛类及酯类物质。红毛菜和条斑紫菜烃类成分主要为8-十七碳烯及十七烷,含量超过总成分的50%,其中又以含量超过30%的8-十七碳烯为主,而鼠尾藻、浒苔和龙须菜8-十七碳烯含量甚少。研究表明,海藻挥发性成分组成具有明显的种属差异性,原始红藻红毛菜和条斑紫菜挥发性成分的组成相似,以8-十七碳烯为原始红藻挥发物组成特征。

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Components in Economic Algaes of Five Different Species

The volatile organic compounds were analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)in Sargassum thunbergii,Enteromorpha prolifra,Gracilaria lemaneiformis,Bangia sp. and Porphyra yezoensis.The results showed that 29,22,29,32 and 28 kinds of volatile organic compounds were identified from five kinds of economic algae,mainly hydrocarbons,alcohols,aldehydes and esters. Hydrocarbons,alcohols,aldehydes,esters and other volatile compounds were the main components of S.thunbergii,E. prolifra and G. lemaneiformis. Bangia sp. and P. yezoensis were mainly composed of hydrocarbons,which accounted for more than 70%,and also contained a small amount of alcohols,aldehydes and esters. The hydrocarbon components of Bangia sp. and P. yezoensis were mainly 8-heptadecane and heptadecane,of which the content was more than 50% of the total components,and more than 30% was 8-heptadecene,while S. thunbergii,E. prolifra and G.lemaneiformis had a small amount of 8-heptadecane. These results indicated that the volatile components composition had significant differences in algae species,it was similar in primitive red algae Bangia sp. and P. yezoensis,the 8-heptadecene was the characteristic composition of Bangioideae.