爬沙虫主要营养成分分析及其抗利尿作用

目的:对爬沙虫主要营养成分进行测定,并考察爬沙虫的抗利尿作用。方法:分别采用考马斯蓝法、苯酚-硫酸法、索氏提取法、直接干燥法、滴定法测定爬沙虫可溶性蛋白、多糖、油脂、水分及有机酸含量;采用氨基酸分析仪测定爬沙虫氨基酸组分并分析;采用水负荷大鼠模型考察爬沙虫抗利尿作用。结果:爬沙虫冻干粉中可溶性蛋白、多糖、油脂、水分、有机酸含量分别为4.87%±0.03%、1.90%±0.09%、16.45%±0.70%、71.51%±0.66%、3.54%±0.06%;共检测出14种氨基酸,总氨基酸(TAA)含量为52.01 g/100 g,其中必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值(EAA/TAA)为48.18%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为92.99%;抗利尿实验表明,爬沙虫可明显减少大鼠排尿量,同时可明显升高大鼠血清中抗利尿激素含量(AVP)。结论:爬沙虫中蛋白、多糖含量丰富,氨基酸组成比例符合优质蛋白质标准,同时爬沙虫具明显抗利尿作用,具有很好的食用价值与药用开发潜力。

Analysis of Main Nutritional Componets in Hellgrammites and Its Anti-Diuretic Effect

Objective:To determine the main nutrients of hellgrammites and to investigate its antidiuretic effect. Methods:The contents of hellgrammites soluble protein, polysaccharide, oil, water and organic acid were determined by Coomassie blue method, Phenol-sulfuric acid method, Soxhlet extraction method, Direct drying method and Titration method, and the amino acid composition was determined by amino acid analysis. At the same time, the rats model of water load were used to investigate the antidiuretic effect of hellgrammites. Results:The contents of soluble protein, polysaccharide, oil, water and organic acid in hellgrammites were 4.87%±0.03%, 1.90%±0.09%, 16.45%±0.70%, 71.51%±0.66%, 3.54%±0.06%, respectively. A total of 14 kinds of amino acids were detected, and the total amino acid (TAA) content was 52.01 g/100 g. The ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids (EAA/TAA) was 48.18%, and the ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids (EAA/NEAA) was 92.99%. The anti-diuretic experiment showed that hellgrammites could significantly reduce the amount of urine and could significantly increase the serum vasopressin content (AVP) in rats. Conclusions:The protein and polysaccharide contents in hellgrammites are rich, the amino acid composition ratio is in line with the high quality protein standard, and it has obvious anti-diuretic effect, so that hellgrammites has good edible value and medicinal development potential.