大豆异黄酮及其苷元的研究进展

大豆异黄酮是一种天然的雌激素,是大豆生长过程中的次级代谢产物,其主要位于大豆种子的子叶和胚轴中。其中97%左右以糖苷形式存在,其余以苷元形式存在,大豆异黄酮苷元是其发挥主要功能活性的形式。目前大豆异黄酮的常规提取方法包括有机溶剂萃取法、超声波辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法、超临界流体萃取法、亚临界水法等。研究表明,大豆异黄酮及其苷元具有一定的生理功效,包括预防心血管疾病,预防骨质疏松,抗肿瘤和神经保护等。本文在介绍大豆异黄酮及其苷元的组成、化学结构特性的基础上,详细综述了大豆异黄酮及其苷元的研究概况、提取工艺和主要功能活性,并展望了该领域今后的发展趋势和有待加强的研究方向,旨在为大豆异黄酮及其苷元产业化开发和深入研究其临床应用价值提供参考依据。

Research Progress of Soy Isoflavones and Aglycones

Soy isoflavones are a natural estrogen that is a secondary metabolite during the growth of soybeans,and its distribution is mainly located in the cotyledons and hypocotyls of soybean seeds. 97% of soy isoflavones exist in the form of glycosides,and the rest exist in the form of aglycones. Soy isoflavone aglycones are the forms of their main functional activities. At present,conventional extraction methods of soybean isoflavones include organic solvent extraction,ultrasonic assisted extraction,microwave assisted extraction,supercritical fluid extraction,and subcritical water. Studies have shown that soy isoflavones have certain physiological effects,including prevention of cardiovascular disease,prevention of osteoporosis,anti-tumor and neuroprotection. Based on the introduction of the composition,chemical structure and properties of soy isoflavones and aglycones,this paper reviewed the research overview,extraction process and main functional activities of soy isoflavones. Furthermore,the development trend of this field and the research direction to be strengthened were prospected. In order to provide a reference for the industrial development of soybean isoflavones and their aglycones and in-depth study on its clinical application value。