纳米颗粒在侧流免疫层析技术中的应用研究进展

侧流免疫层析技术（lateral flow immunoassay，LFIA）有效地结合了色谱分析卓越的分离能力和免疫分析的高度特异性，加之其便携性，使其为需要灵敏、定量的现场检测提供了一个理想的平台。LFIA中，标记物是影响其灵敏度的关键因素之一。目前，LFIA的检测性能主要通过使用纳米颗粒标记物来改善。纳米颗粒标记物按材料可分为有色纳米颗粒、发光纳米颗粒以及磁性纳米颗粒等。本文旨在归纳总结纳米颗粒作为标记物在LFIA中的最新研究进展，详尽解析了各类纳米颗粒对试纸条分析性能的改善情况，以期为研究者在设计试纸条时对适宜纳米颗粒的选择提供有力的技术支持。

Recent Progress on Nanoparticles in Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strip

Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), which combines the excellent separation ability of chromatography with the high specificity and sensitivity of conventional immunoassays, has served as an ideal platform for quantitative and sensitive on-site detection and played a significant role in food safety detection. The label is one of the key determinants of the sensitivity of LFIA. At present, the detection performance of LFIA is mainly enhanced by using nanoparticles (NPs) as labels including colored, luminescent and magnetic NPs. This paper is aimed to summarize the recent advances in the development of nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunochromatography. The application of various types of nanoparticles to improve the analytical performance is elaborated. This review is expected to provide powerful technical support for the selection of suitable nanoparticles for LFIA.