双孢蘑菇蛋白的提取工艺优化及其功能性质

以双孢蘑菇为原料,通过碱溶酸沉法提取双孢蘑菇蛋白,并经响应面法优化提取工艺条件,初步研究了双孢蘑菇蛋白的氨基酸含量和功能性质。结果表明:双孢蘑菇最佳提取条件是料液比1∶3 (W/V),提取液pH9.9,提取时间为2.6 h,提取温度为57℃,得到蛋白提取率为60.29%±0.19%,纯度为72.70%±0.38%。双孢蘑菇蛋白必需氨基酸含量与非必需氨基酸含量的比值为0.776,高于世界卫生组织规定值0.666。双孢菇蛋白溶解度在pH为4时最低,为17.18%,pH=7.0时,双孢蘑菇蛋白持水性为705.00%±5.06%,起泡性为80.04%±0.54%,起泡稳定性为55.41%±0.09%,持油性为518.00%±2.06%,乳化性为17.81%±0.02%,乳化稳定性为10.11%±0.02%,其持水性和持油性高于大豆分离蛋白的495.00%±3.18%和210.29%±1.59%。综上,响应面优化的双孢蘑菇蛋白提取工艺合理、可行,双孢蘑菇蛋白是一种可开发的优质蛋白。

Optimization of Extraction and Functional Properties of Agaricus bisporus Protein

The extraction conditions of protein from Agaricus bisporus by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation method was optimized by response surface methodology.The amino acid contents and functional properties of Agaricus bisporus were studied.The results showed that,the maximum extraction rate of protein was obtained after extraction at 57 ℃ and pH9.9 with a solidto-solvent of 1∶ 3( g/mL) for 2.6 h,and the protein recovery rate was 60.29%± 0.19%,the purity was 72.70%± 0.38%. The ratio of essential amino acid contents to non-essential amino acid contents of Agaricus bisporus protein was 0.776,which was higher than the World Health Organization’s specified value of 0.666. The lowest solubility of Agaricus bisporus protein was17.18% at pH4.0.When the pH was 7.0,the water holding capacity,foaming capacity,bubble stability,oil holding capacity,emulsifying capacity,and emulsifying stability of Agaricus bisporus protein were 705.00%± 5.06%,80.04%± 0.54%,55.41%± 0.09%,518.00%± 2.06%,17.81%± 0.02% and 10.11%± 0.0% respectively. The water-holding and oil-holding properties of the Agaricus bisporus protein were higher than that of the soy protein isolate( 495.00%± 3.18% and 210.29%±1.59%).In summary,Response Surface Methodology( RSM) optimization of Agaricus bisporus protein technology was reasonable and feasible.Agaricus bisporus protein would be a high quality protein that can be developed.