海产品中麻痹性贝类毒素快速检测技术研究进展

麻痹性贝类毒素是我国海洋赤潮中最常见的贝类毒素之一,分布最广,危害最大,事故发生率也最高,对人类健康构成了严重威胁,加强对该类毒素的检测监控成为保障海产品安全的重要措施。传统的检测方法主要有小鼠生物检测法、液相色谱法、液相色谱-串联质谱法和酶联免疫法,这些方法均有各自的优势,但在实际应用中还缺少用于现场检测的快速筛查技术。因此,开发快速、灵敏、准确、低成本的麻痹性贝类毒素检测技术具有重要的应用价值。本文主要介绍了麻痹性贝类毒素目前开发出来的快速检测方法,主要包括免疫层析技术和生物传感器技术,对各方法的特点迚行分析。最后对未来麻痹性贝类毒素快速检测技术在实际应用中面临的主要问题迚行了评述,幵对发展趋势迚行了展望。

Research advance on rapid detection technologies of paralytic shellfish poisoning in seafood

Paralytic shellfish poisoning is one of the most common shellfish toxins in marine red tide in China. It is one of the most widely distributed, frequently occurring and seriously harmful marine biotoxins and poses a serious threat to human health. Strengthening the detection and monitoring of these toxins has become an important measure to ensure the safety of seafood. The traditional detection methods mainly include the mouse bioassay, liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay, these methods have their own advantages. However, there is still a lack of rapid screening technology for field detection in practical application. Therefore, the development of rapid, sensitive, accurate and low-cost detection technology for paralytic shellfish toxins has important application value. This paper mainly introduced the methods of rapid detection of paralytic shellfish poisoning, including immunochromatography and biosensor technology, and analyzed the characteristics of each method. Finally, the main problems of rapid detection of paralytic shellfish poisoning in practical application in the future were reviewed, and the development trend was prospected.