多糖结构修饰研究进展

研究发现并非所有的多糖都具有活性或只具有较弱的活性,其受多糖分子中化学结构的影响。因此,采取有效方法对多糖进行结构修饰是增强其生物活性和促进生物活性呈现的有效途径,其对多糖构效关系的研究及多糖产品的开发和利用具有重要的实践指导意义。目前,已掌握的结构修饰方法主要有化学修饰法、物理修饰法及生物修饰法。本文主要以这三大修饰方法为主线,从各自具体的修饰方法、原理及对多糖生物活性的影响等方面对近年来国内外多糖结构修饰的研究进行综述,其中重点介绍化学修饰的具体方法及对多糖生物活性的影响,为多糖结构修饰的深入研究与探索及糖类产品的开发与利用提供合理有价值的参考。

Research Progress on Structural Modification of Polysaccharides

As the research progressed, researchers found that not all polysaccharides were active or had only weak activity, which was affected by the chemical structure of the polysaccharides. Therefore, taking effective methods to modify the structure of polysaccharides was an effective way to enhance the biological activity of polysaccharides and promote the production of activities. It had important practical significance to study the structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides and the development and utilization of polysaccharides. At present, the methods of structural modification mainly included chemical modification, physical modification and biological modification. Based on these three modification methods, this paper reviewed the recent researches on domestic and international structural modification of polysaccharides from the aspects of their modification methods, principles and their biological activities. The specific method of chemical modification and its effect on the biological activity of polysaccharides were emphatically introduced, providing reference for intensive study and exploration of structure modification of polysaccharides and development and application of polysaccharides products.